LaTeX Project Public License, Version 1.3c

Everyone is allowed to distribute verbatim copies of this license
document, but modification of it is not allowed.

PREAMBLE

The LaTeX Project Public License (LPPL) is the primary license under
which the LaTeX kernel and the base LaTeX packages are
distributed.

You may use this license for any work of which you hold the copyright
and which you wish to distribute. This license may be particularly
suitable if your work is TeX-related (such as a LaTeX package), but
it is written in such a way that you can use it even if your work is
unrelated to TeX.

The section `WHETHER AND HOW TO DISTRIBUTE WORKS UNDER THIS LICENSE’,
below, gives instructions, examples, and recommendations for authors
who are considering distributing their works under this license.

This license gives conditions under which a work may be distributed
and modified, as well as conditions under which modified versions of
that work may be distributed.

We, the LaTeX3 Project, believe that the conditions below give you the
freedom to make and distribute modified versions of your work that
conform with whatever technical specifications you wish while
maintaining the availability, integrity, and reliability of that
work. If you do not see how to achieve your goal while meeting these
conditions, then read the document `cfgguide.tex’ and `modguide.tex’
in the base LaTeX distribution for suggestions.

DEFINITIONS

In this license document the following terms are used:

`Work’: Any work being distributed under this License.
`Derived Work’: Any work that under any applicable law is derived from the
Work.
`Modification’: Any procedure that produces a Derived Work under any applicable
law — for example, the production of a file containing an
original file associated with the Work or a significant portion of
such a file, either verbatim or with modifications and/or translated
into another language.
`Modify’: To apply any procedure that produces a Derived Work under any
applicable law.
`Distribution’: Making copies of the Work available from one person to another, in
whole or in part. Distribution includes (but is not limited to)
making any electronic components of the Work accessible by file
transfer protocols such as FTP or HTTP or by shared file systems
such as Sun’s Network File System (NFS).
`Compiled Work’: A version of the Work that has been processed into a form where it
is directly usable on a computer system. This processing may include
using installation facilities provided by the Work, transformations
of the Work, copying of components of the Work, or other
activities. Note that modification of any installation facilities
provided by the Work constitutes modification of the Work.
`Current Maintainer’: A person or persons nominated as such within the Work. If there is
no such explicit nomination then it is the `Copyright Holder’ under
any applicable law.
`Base Interpreter’: A program or process that is normally needed for running or
interpreting a part or the whole of the Work.A Base Interpreter may
depend on external components but these are not considered part of
the Base Interpreter provided that each external component clearly
identifies itself whenever it is used interactively. Unless
explicitly specified when applying the license to the Work, the only
applicable Base Interpreter is a
`LaTeX-Format’ or in the case of files belonging to the
`LaTeX-format’ a program implementing the `TeX language’.

CONDITIONS ON DISTRIBUTION AND MODIFICATION

Activities other than distribution and/or modification of the Work
are not covered by this license; they are outside its scope. In
particular, the act of running the Work is not restricted and no
requirements are made concerning any offers of support for the
Work.
You may distribute a complete, unmodified copy of the Work as you
received it. Distribution of only part of the Work is considered
modification of the Work, and no right to distribute such a Derived
Work may be assumed under the terms of this clause.
You may distribute a Compiled Work that has been generated from a
complete, unmodified copy of the Work as distributed under Clause 2
above, as long as that Compiled Work is distributed in such a way
that the recipients may install the Compiled Work on their system
exactly as it would have been installed if they generated a Compiled
Work directly from the Work.
If you are the Current Maintainer of the Work, you may, without
restriction, modify the Work, thus creating a Derived Work. You may
also distribute the Derived Work without restriction, including
Compiled Works generated from the Derived Work. Derived Works
distributed in this manner by the Current Maintainer are considered
to be updated versions of the Work.
If you are not the Current Maintainer of the Work, you may modify
your copy of the Work, thus creating a Derived Work based on the
Work, and compile this Derived Work, thus creating a Compiled Work
based on the Derived Work.
If you are not the Current Maintainer of the Work, you may
distribute a Derived Work provided the following conditions are met
for every component of the Work unless that component clearly states
in the copyright notice that it is exempt from that condition. Only
the Current Maintainer is allowed to add such statements of
exemption to a component of the Work.
1. If a component of this Derived Work can be a direct replacement
  for a component of the Work when that component is used with the
  Base Interpreter, then, wherever this component of the Work
  identifies itself to the user when used interactively with that
  Base Interpreter, the replacement component of this Derived Work
  clearly and unambiguously identifies itself as a modified version
  of this component to the user when used interactively with that
  Base Interpreter.
2. Every component of the Derived Work contains prominent notices
  detailing the nature of the changes to that component, or a
  prominent reference to another file that is distributed as part of
  the Derived Work and that contains a complete and accurate log of
  the changes.
3. No information in the Derived Work implies that any persons,
  including (but not limited to) the authors of the original version
  of the Work, provide any support, including (but not limited to)
  the reporting and handling of errors, to recipients of the Derived
  Work unless those persons have stated explicitly that they do
  provide such support for the Derived Work.
4. You distribute at least one of the following with the Derived Work:
  1. A complete, unmodified copy of the Work; if your distribution
    of a modified component is made by offering access to copy the
    modified component from a designated place, then offering
    equivalent access to copy the Work from the same or some similar
    place meets this condition, even though third parties are not
    compelled to copy the Work along with the modified
    component;
  2. Information that is sufficient to obtain a complete,
    unmodified copy of the Work.
If you are not the Current Maintainer of the Work, you may
distribute a Compiled Work generated from a Derived Work, as long as
the Derived Work is distributed to all recipients of the Compiled
Work, and as long as the conditions of Clause 6, above, are met
with regard to the Derived Work.
The conditions above are not intended to prohibit, and hence do
not apply to, the modification, by any method, of any component so
that it becomes identical to an updated version of that component of
the Work as it is distributed by the Current Maintainer under
Clause 4, above.
Distribution of the Work or any Derived Work in an alternative
format, where the Work or that Derived Work (in whole or in part) is
then produced by applying some process to that format, does not
relax or nullify any sections of this license as they pertain to the
results of applying that process.
1. A Derived Work may be distributed under a different license
  provided that license itself honors the conditions listed in
  Clause 6 above, in regard to the Work, though it does not
  have to honor the rest of the conditions in this license.
2. If a Derived Work is distributed under a different license, that
  Derived Work must provide sufficient documentation as part of
  itself to allow each recipient of that Derived Work to honor the
  restrictions in Clause 6 above, concerning changes from the
  Work.
This license places no restrictions on works that are unrelated to
the Work, nor does this license place any restrictions on
aggregating such works with the Work by any means.
Nothing in this license is intended to, or may be used to, prevent
complete compliance by all parties with all applicable laws.

NO WARRANTY

There is no warranty for the Work. Except when otherwise stated in
writing, the Copyright Holder provides the Work `as is’, without
warranty of any kind, either expressed or implied, including, but not
limited to, the implied warranties of merchantability and fitness for
a particular purpose. The entire risk as to the quality and
performance of the Work is with you. Should the Work prove defective,
you assume the cost of all necessary servicing, repair, or correction.

In no event unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing
will The Copyright Holder, or
any author named in the components of the Work, or any other party who
may distribute and/or modify the Work as permitted above, be liable to
you for damages, including any general, special, incidental or
consequential damages arising out of any use of the Work or out of
inability to use the Work (including, but not limited to, loss of
data, data being rendered inaccurate, or losses sustained by anyone as
a result of any failure of the Work to operate with any other
programs), even if the Copyright Holder or said author or said other
party has been advised of the possibility of such damages.

MAINTENANCE OF THE WORK

The Work has the status `author-maintained’ if the Copyright Holder
explicitly and prominently states near the primary copyright notice in
the Work that the Work can only be maintained by the Copyright Holder
or simply that it is `author-maintained’.

The Work has the status `maintained’ if there is a Current Maintainer
who has indicated in the Work that they are willing to receive error
reports for the Work (for example, by supplying a valid e-mail
address). It is not required for the Current Maintainer to acknowledge
or act upon these error reports.

The Work changes from status `maintained’ to `unmaintained’ if there
is no Current Maintainer, or the person stated to be Current
Maintainer of the work cannot be reached through the indicated means
of communication for a period of six months, and there are no other
significant signs of active maintenance.

You can become the Current Maintainer of the Work by agreement with
any existing Current Maintainer to take over this role.

If the Work is unmaintained, you can become the Current Maintainer of
the Work through the following steps:

Make a reasonable attempt to trace the Current Maintainer (and the
Copyright Holder, if the two differ) through the means of an
Internet or similar search.
If this search is successful, then enquire whether the Work is
still maintained.
1. If it is being maintained, then ask the Current Maintainer to
  update their communication data within one month.
2. If the search is unsuccessful or no action to resume active
  maintenance is taken by the Current Maintainer, then announce
  within the pertinent community your intention to take over
  maintenance. (If the Work is a LaTeX work, this could be done, for
  example, by posting to comp.text.tex.)
1. If the Current Maintainer is reachable and agrees to pass
  maintenance of the Work to you, then this takes effect immediately
  upon announcement.
2. If the Current Maintainer is not reachable and the Copyright
  Holder agrees that maintenance of the Work be passed to you, then
  this takes effect immediately upon announcement.
If you make an `intention announcement’ as described in 2b. above
and after three months your intention is challenged neither by the
Current Maintainer nor by the Copyright Holder nor by other people,
then you may arrange for the Work to be changed so as to name you as
the (new) Current Maintainer.
If the previously unreachable Current Maintainer becomes reachable
once more within three months of a change completed under the terms
of 3b) or 4), then that Current Maintainer must become or remain the
Current Maintainer upon request provided they then update their
communication data within one month.

A change in the Current Maintainer does not, of itself, alter the fact
that the Work is distributed under the LPPL license.

If you become the Current Maintainer of the Work, you should
immediately provide, within the Work, a prominent and unambiguous
statement of your status as Current Maintainer. You should also
announce your new status to the same pertinent community as in 2b)
above.

WHETHER AND HOW TO DISTRIBUTE WORKS UNDER THIS
LICENSE

This section contains important instructions, examples, and
recommendations for authors who are considering distributing their
works under this license. These authors are addressed as `you’ in this
section.

Choosing This License or Another License

If for any part of your work you want or need to use *distribution*
conditions that differ significantly from those in this license, then
do not refer to this license anywhere in your work but, instead,
distribute your work under a different license. You may use the text
of this license as a model for your own license, but your license
should not refer to the LPPL or otherwise give the impression that
your work is distributed under the LPPL.

The document `modguide.tex’ in the base LaTeX distribution explains
the motivation behind the conditions of this license. It explains, for
example, why distributing LaTeX under the GNU General Public License
(GPL) was considered inappropriate. Even if your work is unrelated to
LaTeX, the discussion in `modguide.tex’ may still be relevant, and
authors intending to distribute their works under any license are
encouraged to read it.

A Recommendation on Modification Without Distribution

It is wise never to modify a component of the Work, even for your own
personal use, without also meeting the above conditions for
distributing the modified component. While you might intend that such
modifications will never be distributed, often this will happen by
accident — you may forget that you have modified that component;
or it may not occur to you when allowing others to access the modified
version that you are thus distributing it and violating the conditions
of this license in ways that could have legal implications and, worse,
cause problems for the community. It is therefore usually in your best
interest to keep your copy of the Work identical with the public
one. Many works provide ways to control the behavior of that work
without altering any of its licensed components.

How to Use This License

To use this license, place in each of the components of your work both
an explicit copyright notice including your name and the year the work
was authored and/or last substantially modified. Include also a
statement that the distribution and/or modification of that component
is constrained by the conditions in this license.

Here is an example of such a notice and statement:

  %% pig.dtx
  %% Copyright 2005 M. Y. Name
  %
  % This work may be distributed and/or modified under the
  % conditions of the LaTeX Project Public License, either version 1.3
  % of this license or (at your option) any later version.
  % The latest version of this license is in
  %   http://www.latex-project.org/lppl.txt
  % and version 1.3 or later is part of all distributions of LaTeX
  % version 2005/12/01 or later.
  %
  % This work has the LPPL maintenance status `maintained'.
  % 
  % The Current Maintainer of this work is M. Y. Name.
  %
  % This work consists of the files pig.dtx and pig.ins
  % and the derived file pig.sty.

Given such a notice and statement in a file, the conditions given in
this license document would apply, with the `Work’ referring to the
three files `pig.dtx’, `pig.ins’, and `pig.sty’ (the last being
generated from `pig.dtx’ using `pig.ins’), the `Base Interpreter’
referring to any `LaTeX-Format’, and both `Copyright Holder’ and
`Current Maintainer’ referring to the person `M. Y. Name’.

If you do not want the Maintenance section of LPPL to apply to your
Work, change `maintained’ above into `author-maintained’. However, we
recommend that you use `maintained’, as the Maintenance section was
added in order to ensure that your Work remains useful to the
community even when you can no longer maintain and support it
yourself.

Derived Works That Are Not Replacements

Several clauses of the LPPL specify means to provide reliability and
stability for the user community. They therefore concern themselves
with the case that a Derived Work is intended to be used as a
(compatible or incompatible) replacement of the original Work. If
this is not the case (e.g., if a few lines of code are reused for a
completely different task), then clauses 6b and 6d shall not apply.

Important Recommendations

Defining What Constitutes the Work

The LPPL requires that distributions of the Work contain all the files
of the Work. It is therefore important that you provide a way for the
licensee to determine which files constitute the Work. This could, for
example, be achieved by explicitly listing all the files of the Work
near the copyright notice of each file or by using a line such as:

    % This work consists of all files listed in manifest.txt.

in that place. In the absence of an unequivocal list it might be
impossible for the licensee to determine what is considered by you to
comprise the Work and, in such a case, the licensee would be entitled
to make reasonable conjectures as to which files comprise the Work.

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